Jh pS=kryh efgyk eaMGkpk vk<kok

14 tkusokjh 1989 lkyh edjlaØkr ;k eaxyfnuh eaMGkph LFkkiuk pka-dk-izHkq lektksUurh eaMG eqyqaM ;k laLFkspk efgyk foHkkx ;k ukokus >kyh-

efgyk foHkkxkP;k laLFkkfidk o v/;{kk ek/kqjh lqGs gksR;k- 7@8 Hkfxuhauh gk foHkkx lq: dsyk- lu 1990 lkyh pS=krhy ,dk ‘kqØokjh pS= efgU;kps vkSfpR; lk/kwu eaMGkps ^Jh pS=koyh efgyk eaMG* vls ukedj.k >kys- 12 es 1991 yk eaMGkyk e/;orhZ laLFksdMwu layXurk feGkyh-

Jh pS=koyhph okVpky vMp.khaph rjh gh R;koj ekr djr laLFkk HkjHkjkVhyk ;sr gksrh- Hkfxuhaph la[;k gGwgGw ok<r gksrh- eaMGkpk o/kkZiu fnu o laØkarhps gGnhdqadw NksVk gkWy ?ksÅu lktjk dsyk tkbZ- eaMG efgU;krwu nksu osGk Hkjr vls- ifgY;k ‘kqØokjh fHklh] ok<fnol bR;knh gksr vls nqlÚ;k ‘kqØokjh fofo/k {ks=krhy rKkauk cksykowu R;kaps ekxZn’kZu ?ksrys tkr vls-

eaMGkpk vkfFkZd fu/kh ok<kok ;klkBh ^vkuan esGkok* Hkjfoyk tkbZ- eaMGkP;k Hkfxuh fnokGhP;k QjkGkps inkFkZ] laØkarhps ykMq d:u fodr vlr R;kpk vkfFkZd uQk eaMGkr tek gksr vls- ^v{k; r`fr;sP;k eqgqrkZoj* pS=koyh vUuiq.kkZ dsUnzkph LFkkiuk >kyh- ^fnokGh igkV* gk dk;ZØe dkfynkl ukV;x`gkr dsyk- R;krwu eaMGkyk pkaxys vFkZ lgk¸; feGkys- eaMGkrQsZ Hktuh eaMGkph LFkkiuk dj.;kr vkyh- f’kolsuk izeq[k ckGklkgsc Bkdjs ;kaP;k fnoaxr iRuh ehukrkbZ Bkdjs ;kaP;k lsukHkoukrhy J/nkatyhP;k dk;ZØekr Jh pS=koyh Hktuh eaMGkus Hktuk}kjs J/nkatyh viZ.k dsyh-

fu/kh tek gksr gksrk R;krp Lusgkafdrkps f’kchj ?;kos vlk fopkj leksj vkyk- vf/kd fu/kh tefo.;klkBh iz;Rukaph ijkdk”Bk lq: >kyh- eaMGkP;k Hkfxuhauh ns.;kl o tefo.;kl lq:okr dsyh- ,d vkWdsZLVª yko.;kps uDdh dsys- eqyaqM ;sFkhy dkfynkl ukV;x`gkr ^’kgsu’kgk* gk vkWdsZLVªk ykoyk- vis{ksis{kk mRre izfrlkn feGkyk- f’kfcjkP;k r;kjhyk ÅtkZ feGkyh- vusd vMp.khaoj ekr djr iS’kkph teok teo iw.kZ >kyh- v/;{kk ek/kqjh lqGs vkf.k loZ dk;Zdkjh eaMGkus vo?;k lgk o”kkZr Lusgkafdrkps f’kchj ?ksÅu rs mRrefjR;k ikj ikMys-

lq:okrhyk eaMG dS-foeyrkbZ rkEg.ks ;kaP;k ?kjh ^iwokZ* e/;s Hkjr vls- eaMG nksu ‘kqØokj ,soth pkj ‘kqØokj Hk: ykxys- ijarq dkgh vMp.khaeqGs o lHkkln Hkfxuhaph la[;kgh ok<r gksrh R;keqGs nqljh tkxk c?k.ks ØeizkIr gksrs- Jhe m”kk iz/kku ;kaP;k vksG[khus f’kolsusps dk;kZy; R;kaP;k lkST;U;kus eaMGkl foukeqY; okij.;kl feGkys- eaMG efgU;krhy pkjgh ‘kqØokj mRlkgkus Hk: ykxys- ifgY;k ‘kqØokjh fHklh] lgy] oxZ.kh tek dj.ks] ok<fnol ‘kqHksPNk ns.ks vls dk;ZØe gksrkr- ok<fnol vlysY;k Hkfxuh eaMGkyk Lo;aLQwrhZus dkghauk dkgh ns.kxh nsrkr R;krwu eaMGkdMs vkfFkZd iqath ter tkrs- nqlÚ;k ‘kqØokjh [ksG okpu fdaok ppsZlkBh fo”k; fnys tkrkr- pkSF;k ‘kqØokjh dk;Zdkfj.kh vlrs-

eaMGkP;k laLFkkfid v/;{kk ek/kqjh lqGs ;kaps vdLekr fu/ku >kys ,d iksdGh fuekZ.k >kyh- ijarq Jhe eaxyk ‘k`axkjiqjs o R;kuarj Jhe oh.kk [kksidj ;kauh v/;{kinkph /kqjk mRre izdkjs lkaHkkGyh- R;kaP;k dkjfdnhZr eaMGkus vusd Li/ksZr Hkj?kksl ;’k feGfoys- R;kuarj yrk ukp.ks ;kaph v/;{kinh fuoM >kyh- eaaMGkph okVpky tksekus lq: >kyh- vkfFkZd cktw gh Hkjho gksr gksrh vkf.k lu 2008 ;kuh LusgakfdrkP;k jkSI; egksRloh f’kchjkph tckcnkjh f’kchjkus pS=koyh eaMGkoj Vkdyh- f’kchj vk;kstukpk eku pS=koyhP;k eqxqVkr ekukpk rqjk [kksoyk xsyk- eaMGkus tckcnkjh fLodkjyh vkf.k lxG;k Hkfxuh >Vwu dkekyk ykxY;k- loZt.khauh rueu/kukus enr d:u [kkjhpk okVk mpyyk- ;kr fo’ks”k mYys[k djkok;k okVrks- rks Eg.kts Jhe uhyk iz/kku dks”kk/;{k ;kauh vkfFkZd ckchr flagkpk okVk mpyyk gksrk- brjgh vusd ns.kX;kae/kwu eaMGkyk vkfFkZd ÅtkZ feGkyh- dkekyk gq:Ik vkyk lfeR;k useY;k xsY;k- dkaekph foHkkx.kh >kyh- v/;{kk dS- yrk ukp.ks ;kaps mRre fu;kstu o ekxZn’kZu feGkys- vkfFkZd cktw dks”kk/;{kakuh mRre izdkjs lkaHkkGyh- lksfofuvj tckcnkjh Jhe m”kk iz/kku ;kauh pks[k ctkoyh- lokZaP;k lgdk;kZus Lusgafdrkps jkSI; egksRloh f’kchj fnek[kkr FkkVkekVkr ikj ikMys- ;kr LusgkafdrkP;k brj loZ laLFkkps lgdk;Z gh vR;ar eksykps gksrs- ikp Hkfxuhauk eqyaqM jRu Eg.kwu lUekuhr dsys gksrs- R;k osGP;k egkikSj Jhe ‘kqHkk jkÅG ;kaps loZHkfxuhauk mRre ekxZn’kZu feGkys- LusgkafdrkP;k lUek- lYykxkj Jhe ‘kkyurkbZ [kksidj ;kauh HksV oLrwP;k :ikus eaMGkP;k f’kchj dkekr lgdk;Z dsysY;k Fkki fnyh vkf.k lokZaukp ÑrÑR; >kY;klkj[ks okVys-

lIVsacj 2008 e/;s vkenkj ljnkj rkjkflag ;kauh eqyqaMP;k pka-dk-izHkq lektksUurh eaMGkyk 400 pkS- Ldsvj QqVkph tkxk Lokra«; lsukuh Jh- nRrkth rkEg.ks g;kaps uko lHkkx`gkyk ns.;kP;k vVhoj feGowu fnyh- vFkkZr Jh pS=koyh eaMGklgh rh tkxk okij.;kph ijokuxh feGkyh-

5 vkWDVksacj jksth mn~?kkVukpk o ukedj.kkpk eksBk dk;ZØe >kyk- lHkkx`gkyk Lokra«; lsukuh ^Jh-nRrkth rkEg.ks lHkkx`g* vls uko fnys- 10 vkWDVkscj jksth ;k uohu tkxsr pS=koyhpk HkksaMY;kpk dk;ZØe eksB;k mRlkgkr ikj iMyk- fnokGhP;k vk/kh olqckjlP;k la/;kdkGh pS=koyh Hkfxuh o lh ds ih eaMG] eqyqaM ;kauh vktqcktqyk jkg.kkÚ;k xfjc etqjkaP;k eqykauk fnokGhpk QjkG o QVkD;kaps okVi dsys- rlsp i.kR;kaph o fnO;kaph jks”k.kkbZgh dsyh-

eaMGkps dkgh fo’ks”k miØe o dk;ZØe %&

1. eaMGkP;k dkgh Hkfxuhauh ,d= ;sÅu foa>kbZ o/kqoj lwpd eaMG lq# dsys-
2. pS=ikyoh gs gLrfyf[kr dk<ys-
3. tkaHkqGikMk ;sFks vlysY;k xq#dqy ;k fujk/kkj eqykaP;k vkJekyk HksV fnyh- [kkÅ okVi] uWifdUl fnys- o`/nkJekyk HksV fnyh- /kkU; okVi dsys-
4. efgU;kpk ifgyk ‘kqØokj Hkfxuhauk foØhlkBh osG ns.;kps Bjys-
5. eaMGkph ,d Hkfxuh dS-fofurk iz/kku ;kapk eqyxk Jh vfHk”ksd iz/kku ;kauh pS=koyh eaMGkyk ok<fnolkph ‘kqHksPNk dkMZl~ foukewY; ns.;kl lq#okr dsyh vkf.k vktrkxk;r vfr’k; lqanj ‘kqHksPNk dkMZl~ vkEgkyk feGr vkgs-
6. 2 vkWDVkscj 2009 xka/kh t;arhP;k fufeRrkus eaMGkP;k lHkkx`gkr ,d NksVsls x`goLrqq izn’kZu gksrs- Hkfxuhauh oLrq foØhlkBh BsoY;k gksR;k- vkfnoklhauh cufoysY;k oLrqapk gh ,d LVkWy gksrk- izn’kZukr BsoysY;k oLrqaP;k foØhyk mRre izfrlkn feGkyk-
7. yrk ukp.ks ;kauh v/;{kinkpk jkftukek fnyk o Jhe T;ksrh QM.khl ;kaph v/;{kinh fuoM >kyh-
8. 19 fMls 2010 Jhe ufyuhckbZ nksMs fo|ky;kP;k lHkkx`gkr vkuan esGkO;kps vk;kstu dsys- ,dq.k 32 LVkWy gksrs- eqyaqMe/khy ukxjhdkauh vkuan esGO;kyk HksV fnyh- izfrlkn mRre gksrk-
9. eaMGkP;k lokZP;k ykMD;k v/;{kk Jhe yrk ukp.ks ;kaps vYi’kk vktkjkus fu/ku >kys vkf.k d/khgh Hk#u u ;s.kkjh iksdGh fuekZ.k >kyh-
10. HkkaMqiP;k vkHkkl ;k laLFksl rlsp fla/kqrkbZ lidkG o Jhe fueZyk df.kZd ¼vacjukFk½ ;kauk /kukns’k fnys-
11. lu 2011 e/;s Jhe uhyk iz/kku eaMGkP;k v/;{kk >kY;k- R;k ;k inkoj dk;Zjr vkgsr-
12. lu 2012 rs 2014 ;k dkyko/khlkBh Lusgkafdrkph dk;kZy;hu tckcnkjh pS=koyh eaMGkus fLodkjyh o ;’kLohi.ks ikj ikMyh-
    dk;Zdkfj.kh eaMG
    
    1. v/;{kk : Jhe uhyk iz/kku
    2. dk;Zokg : Jhe iYyoh fyf[krs
    3. dks”kk/;{k : Jhe lq;’kk pkScG
    4. lgdk;Zokg : Jhe vpZuk xMdjh
    lgk;d lferh
    1. Jhe Hkkjrh iksruhl] Jhe T;ksrh QM.khl]
    2. Jhe lqfurk fn?ks] Jhe T;ksrh lkoar] Jhe ‘kSyk fp=s
13. eaMGkrQsZ dq-‘osrk lkoar fgyk 10 oh P;k ifj{ksr izfrdwy ifjfLFkrhrgh mToy ;’k feGfoY;kcn~ny 1000@& #- pk /kukns’k ns.;kr vkyk-
14. 6 esa 2012 P;k o/kkZiukfnuh Lokra«; lsukuh Jh nRrkth rkEg.ks ;kapk 100 O;k o”kkZr inkiZ.k dsY;kcn~ny ;Fkksfpr lUeku dj.;kr vkyk-
15. Jh pS=koyh eaMG o eaMGkP;k Hkfxuh ;kapk la;qDr vlk 7651 #i;kpk /kukns’k okRlY; VªLV vkJekyk ns.;kr vkyk-
16. 4 es 2012 [kwi HkO; vlk jkSI; egksRloh o/kkZiu fnu lktjk dsyk- LusgkafdrkP;k dkgh ekU;oj Hkfxuhauk vkeaf=r dsys gksrs- lekjaHkkps v/;{kin Jhe ‘kkyurkbZ [kksidj ;kauh Hkq”kfoys gksrs o Jhe ‘kdqurkbZ ;kauk izeq[k ikgq.;k Eg.kqu lUekfur dsys gksrs- fo’ks”k Eg.kts Jhe ‘kdqurkbZ Jh pS=koyh eaMGkP;k ifgY;k o/kkZiufnukyk v/;{kk Eg.kwu ykHkY;k gksR;k- pka-dk-izHkq eaMG eqyaqM ;kaP;k dk;Zdkfj.kh eaMGkykgh vkeaf=r dsys gksrs- eaMGkrQsZ lokZapk lRdkj dj.;kr vkyk- jkSI; egksRlokph vkBo.k Eg.kwu eaMGkdMwu lokZauk HksVoLrw ns.;kr vkyh-
17. lu 2014 e/;s lk;yh xqMsdj ;k fon;kfFkZuhl izfrdqy ifjfLFkrhr ;’k feGfoY;k cíy 8000@& :- pk /kukns’k ns.;kr vkyk- izfro”khZ ns.kxkaph jDde ok<rh vlrs- gs eaMGkP;k Hkfxuhps Js; vkgs- eaMGkP;k Hkfxuh LusgkafdrkP;k f’kchj Li/ksZr Hkkx ?ksrkr o cf{kls feGforkr- v{k; efgyk eaMG psacwj ;k laLFksus 11 o”ksZ ukV;Li/kkZ ?ksrY;k R;kr eaMGkP;k Hkfxuhauh <ky feGoyh gksrh- eaMGkckgsjhy brj gh Li/kkZae/;s Hkkx ?ksÅu ikfjrksf”kd laiknu djrkr R;kaps eaMG vkotqZu dkSrqd djrs- izfro”khZ eaMGkph lgy fujfujkG;k fBdk.kh vk;ksftr dsyh tkrs o Hkfxuh lgyhpk vkuan eueqjkn yqVrkr- eaMGkr efgU;kP;k ,dk ‘kqØokjh ppkZRed fo”k; fnyk tkrks- R;kr [kwi lk/kd ck/kd ppkZ gksrs o loZt.kh mRLQqrZi.ks Hkkx ?ksrkr ppsZyk vusd fo”k; fnys tkrkr- v’kk ppkZae/kwu lxG;kaukp vkuan feGrks-

izfro”khZ Jko.k efgU;kP;k ifgY;k jfookjh pka-dk-izHkq lektksUurh eaMG eqyqaM vk;ksftr djr vlysY;k dqadekpZu lksgG;kr eaMGkP;k Hkfxuhapk eksB;k izek.kkoj lgHkkx vlrks- R;keqGs Hkfxuhauk ,d /kkfeZd vkuangh feGrks-

eaMG gs Kkrh iqjrs e;kZfnr vkgs i.k eaMGkph okVpky izokgkcjkscj pkyw vkgs- laLdkj f’kchjs] vukFk cky dsUnz] o`/nkJe] viax] vkfnoklh] iwjxzLr ;kaP;k enrhlkBh eaMG lnSo iq<s vlrs-

eaMGkrhy loZ Hkfxuhapk mRlkg] vkuan vkf.k R;kapk lgHkkx gsp eaMGkps /;s; vkgs vkf.k R;klkBh Jh pS=koyh eaMGkph dk;ZdkjheaMG lnSo rRij vkgs-

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